{"id":20558,"date":"2022-05-08T18:54:19","date_gmt":"2022-05-08T23:54:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/?p=20558"},"modified":"2021-09-22T19:15:36","modified_gmt":"2021-09-23T00:15:36","slug":"when-do-we-use-shall-in-english","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/","title":{"rendered":"When do we use SHALL in English?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><center><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/TCYw2xBwpxE?rel=0\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/center><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"elementor-button large green rounded\" href=\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/english-speaking-courses\/\"><strong>Espresso English courses<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Hello everyone! A lot of English learners are curious about the word \u201cshall\u201d \u2013 is it the same thing as \u201cwill\u201d? When exactly do we use it? I\u2019ll answer those questions in today\u2019s lesson.<\/p>\n<p>Shall is similar to \u201cwill\u201d because it talks about the future:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>I <strong>shall<\/strong> call him tomorrow.<\/li>\n<li>I <strong>will<\/strong> call him tomorrow.<\/li>\n<li>We <strong>shall<\/strong> arrive on Friday.<\/li>\n<li>We <strong>will<\/strong> arrive on Friday.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>However, in modern American English, <strong>shall<\/strong> is almost never used to talk about the future.<\/p>\n<p>It sounds very formal, and <strong>we pretty much always use<\/strong> \u201c<strong>will<\/strong>\u201d or even more commonly, the short form:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>I<strong>\u2019ll<\/strong> call him tomorrow.<\/li>\n<li>We<strong>\u2019ll<\/strong> arrive on Friday.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In British English, you might hear \u201cshall\u201d used a little more often to talk about the future, although the trend is actually moving more towards \u201cwill\u201d in British English as well.<\/p>\n<p>There are still a couple places in which Americans use \u201cshall,\u201d though. I can think of three examples:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>When we want to ask a question with a little more \u201cformality\u201d: a common example is at a wedding or a formal dance, one person asking another, <strong>\u201cShall we dance?\u201d<\/strong> \u2013 it sounds more elegant than \u201cWanna dance?\u201d which would be an informal way to ask it. Or at the beginning of a business meeting, the leader might say, <strong>\u201cShall we get started?\u201d<\/strong> In this case the more informal way would be \u201cShould we get started?\u201d or simply \u201cLet\u2019s get started.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-20560\" src=\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/dance-silhouette-5441910_640-300x193.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"193\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/dance-silhouette-5441910_640-300x193.png 300w, https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/dance-silhouette-5441910_640.png 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The second case is in legal language, \u201cshall\u201d can be used for obligations\/requirements \u2013 for example, \u201cWorkers <strong>shall<\/strong> wear protective equipment at all times.\u201d And \u201cshall not\u201d is used for things that are prohibited: \u201cThe company <strong>shall not<\/strong> discriminate on the basis of race or gender.\u201d However, some people within the legal world are encouraging these to be replaced with <strong>must \/ must not<\/strong> since these sound \u201cstronger\u201d and more certain.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-20561\" src=\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/woman-1455991_640-266x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"266\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/woman-1455991_640-266x300.png 266w, https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/woman-1455991_640.png 568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 266px) 100vw, 266px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>And finally, you\u2019ll occasionally hear \u201cshall we?\u201d used as a question tag after statements with \u201clet\u2019s.\u201d So the businessperson beginning a meeting could say, <strong>\u201cLet\u2019s get started, shall we?\u201d<\/strong> \u2013 it\u2019s a way to make a suggestion (using let\u2019s) and then request acknowledgement (shall we?). But in more informal, everyday English, many people would simply use \u201cokay?\u201d as the question tag. For example, \u201clet\u2019s take a coffee break, okay?\u201d or \u201clet\u2019s leave as early as possible tomorrow morning, okay?\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-20562\" src=\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/hands-1283917_640-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/hands-1283917_640-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/hands-1283917_640.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>So, let\u2019s finish up, shall we?<\/p>\n<p>I hope this lesson has helped you understand when people sometimes use \u201cshall\u201d and what it means, as well as the alternatives which are becoming more and more common nowadays, especially in American English.<\/p>\n<p>If you\u2019ve got a question about a word or a phrase, please let me know, because I love getting ideas from students about tips and lessons to create in the future.<\/p>\n<p>And if you want to take your English to the next level, check out my courses and e-books at EspressoEnglish.net because they can help you improve your speaking, understand better when listening, expand your vocabulary, and so much more!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/english-speaking-courses\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-20106\" src=\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/completeprogram2021-1024x683.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/completeprogram2021-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/completeprogram2021-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/completeprogram2021-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/completeprogram2021.png 700w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Espresso English courses Hello everyone! A lot of English learners are curious about the word \u201cshall\u201d \u2013 is it the same thing as \u201cwill\u201d? When exactly do we use it? I\u2019ll answer those questions in today\u2019s lesson. Shall is similar to \u201cwill\u201d because it talks about the future: I shall call him tomorrow. I will [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20559,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20558","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vocabulary"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.1 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>When do we use SHALL in English? - Espresso English<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Espresso English courses Hello everyone! A lot of English learners are curious about the word \u201cshall\u201d \u2013 is it the same thing as \u201cwill\u201d? When exactly do we\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"When do we use SHALL in English?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Espresso English courses Hello everyone! A lot of English learners are curious about the word \u201cshall\u201d \u2013 is it the same thing as \u201cwill\u201d? When exactly do we\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Espresso English\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-05-08T23:54:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/dance-silhouette-5441910_640-300x193.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Shayna Oliveira\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Shayna Oliveira\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Shayna Oliveira\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/#\/schema\/person\/b92f17848e26e2ccdb617df724d13300\"},\"headline\":\"When do we use SHALL in English?\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-05-08T23:54:19+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/\"},\"wordCount\":517,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/shall.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Vocabulary\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/\",\"name\":\"When do we use SHALL in English? - Espresso English\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/shall.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-05-08T23:54:19+00:00\",\"description\":\"Espresso English courses Hello everyone! A lot of English learners are curious about the word \u201cshall\u201d \u2013 is it the same thing as \u201cwill\u201d? When exactly do we\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/shall.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/shall.jpg\",\"width\":1280,\"height\":720},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"When do we use SHALL in English?\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/\",\"name\":\"Espresso English\",\"description\":\"Learn English online in 15 minutes a day\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Espresso English\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/LOGO-TRANSPARENT-70h.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/LOGO-TRANSPARENT-70h.png\",\"width\":300,\"height\":70,\"caption\":\"Espresso English\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/#\/schema\/person\/b92f17848e26e2ccdb617df724d13300\",\"name\":\"Shayna Oliveira\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7db3aeddf581019286aa87cba7d6296961b5f4385bcdc7edff74a2337a45f980?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7db3aeddf581019286aa87cba7d6296961b5f4385bcdc7edff74a2337a45f980?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Shayna Oliveira\"},\"description\":\"Shayna Oliveira is the founder of Espresso English, where you can improve your English fast - even if you don\u2019t have much time to study. Millions of students are learning English from her clear, friendly, and practical lessons! Shayna is a CELTA-certified teacher with 10+ years of experience helping English learners become more fluent in her English courses.\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"When do we use SHALL in English? - Espresso English","description":"Espresso English courses Hello everyone! A lot of English learners are curious about the word \u201cshall\u201d \u2013 is it the same thing as \u201cwill\u201d? When exactly do we","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"When do we use SHALL in English?","og_description":"Espresso English courses Hello everyone! A lot of English learners are curious about the word \u201cshall\u201d \u2013 is it the same thing as \u201cwill\u201d? When exactly do we","og_url":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/","og_site_name":"Espresso English","article_published_time":"2022-05-08T23:54:19+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/dance-silhouette-5441910_640-300x193.png","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"Shayna Oliveira","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Shayna Oliveira","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/"},"author":{"name":"Shayna Oliveira","@id":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/#\/schema\/person\/b92f17848e26e2ccdb617df724d13300"},"headline":"When do we use SHALL in English?","datePublished":"2022-05-08T23:54:19+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/"},"wordCount":517,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/shall.jpg","articleSection":["Vocabulary"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/","url":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/","name":"When do we use SHALL in English? - Espresso English","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/shall.jpg","datePublished":"2022-05-08T23:54:19+00:00","description":"Espresso English courses Hello everyone! A lot of English learners are curious about the word \u201cshall\u201d \u2013 is it the same thing as \u201cwill\u201d? When exactly do we","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/shall.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/shall.jpg","width":1280,"height":720},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/when-do-we-use-shall-in-english\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"When do we use SHALL in English?"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/","name":"Espresso English","description":"Learn English online in 15 minutes a day","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/#organization","name":"Espresso English","url":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/LOGO-TRANSPARENT-70h.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/LOGO-TRANSPARENT-70h.png","width":300,"height":70,"caption":"Espresso English"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/#\/schema\/person\/b92f17848e26e2ccdb617df724d13300","name":"Shayna Oliveira","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7db3aeddf581019286aa87cba7d6296961b5f4385bcdc7edff74a2337a45f980?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7db3aeddf581019286aa87cba7d6296961b5f4385bcdc7edff74a2337a45f980?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Shayna Oliveira"},"description":"Shayna Oliveira is the founder of Espresso English, where you can improve your English fast - even if you don\u2019t have much time to study. Millions of students are learning English from her clear, friendly, and practical lessons! Shayna is a CELTA-certified teacher with 10+ years of experience helping English learners become more fluent in her English courses."}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20558","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20558"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20558\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20559"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20558"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20558"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.espressoenglish.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20558"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}